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2. The analysis of how changes
impacted on the built environment (gentrification, sub-urbanization and
segregation)
Despite the common nature of the
transformation processes, impacts have differed considerably because local
systems filtered these same processes in peculiar ways due to their
socio-economic, cultural and political heritage. The recent and ongoing
projects, however, focused only on specific issues of this filtering process
without relating all processes together. Gentrification and sub-urbanisation are
processes that contribute to produce segregation, again these differ, but
differences seems to be coherent within themselves.
Main objectives of this area of
research are:
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to assess how recent and current
research tackle with the ways in which transformations in the different areas
of regulation (market, state and family/community) translate into specific
types of impacts on the built environment.
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to analyse – on the basis of the
previous assessment – the ways in which economic and labour market change,
political participation, changing welfare states and housing systems and
changing household structures and social networks contribute to determine the
different patterns of gentrification, sub-urbanisation and spatial segregation
in different European cities.
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to verify the emerging patterns of
gentrification, sub-urbanisation and segregation patterns in cities belonging
to countries or models not considered by previous research (just two examples:
1) within the ESOPO project on local policies against poverty British cities
were not included, but it may be crucial to consider them to contrast the
performances of cities within a liberal model with other welfare models.
However, British cities were included in URBEX; 2) Within URBEX no
Scandinavian or east-European city has been included, however, it may be
crucial to know which are the spatial patterns emerging from the
transformation processes also in such welfare models. In ESOPO Scandinavian
cities have been considered. Ad hoc research projects will be targeted to fill
the gaps among these projects both in research design, methodologies, etc. by
developing a common research frame).
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to analyse how the above mentioned
patterns contribute to wider processes of spatially rooted social exclusion in
European cities.
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more specifically, it will also
analyse how the organization of the housing market, its structure in terms of
the distribution of different tenure types, the access to these types, the
formal and informal allocation mechanisms, and the spatial distribution of
housing types, contribute to determine whether economic changes result in new
concentrations of deprived households and will have important effects on
social exclusion.
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to identify who are the actors
involved in gentrification and sub-urbanisation processes and how these are
increasing segregation. What is role of local cultures and of specific land
and housing markets? What characterises them as specific European?
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UrbEUROPE
